Related Papers
13th World Congress of the RSAI. Smart Regions – Opportunities for Sustainable Development in the Digital Era. Moroccan Section of the Regional Science Association International.
CONTEMPORARY SOCIO-ECONOMIC DIFFERENCES IN POLAND: (1) SPATIAL POLARIZATION OF DEVELOPMENT
2021 •
Paweł Churski
The results of political elections in Europe and the world in the second decade of the 21st century show a clear trend of strengthening populist movements. One of the fundamental root causes is the persistent and even growing differentiation of the socio-economic development level, which results in permanent peripheralisation and marginalisation of some areas. This results in polarization and radicalization of electoral behaviour as a consequence to the unsatisfactory effectiveness of earlier implemented development activities and the economic exclusion of a part of the society living below the social minimum. The results of our study indicate the persistence of development disparities in Poland, despite the relatively positive trends in economic growth at the national level. We draw attention mainly to the strong significance of historical conditions (relict borders). Against this background, we identify the scope and direction of geographical changes in Poles' electoral behaviour. We aim to determine the relationship between the level of socio-economic development and the support of political parties in spatial terms. The final conclusions emphasize the persistence of "territorial underpinnings" and socio-economic conditions of electoral populism in Poland, which to a large extent results from historical factors. Not only has the distribution of populism not been changed as a result of transformation and integration changes in Poland, but it has in fact been reinforced. The research procedure consists of three stages presented on separated posters: (1) spatial polarization of development, (2) political scene and electoral behaviour, (3) relations between development level and political preferences. First stage analysis of this cycle in this aims at determination of the scale and causes of subregional development differences in Poland. The analysis deals 2,478 Polish communes (LAU 2) and describes the period of 2004-2016 allowing for interactions determined for Poland during over last two centuries. The research procedure involved the following steps: standardization of variables (23 indicators corresponding to five development factors), cluster analysis using the k-means method for 13 observations, verification of the typology using modified classification trees, creation of the typology for each observation in the pattern of communes with different level of development (five class), and finally the creation of a synthetic typology of the communes in the adopted pattern of development classes. The study used published data of the Central Statistical Office in Warsaw. The obtained results confirmed the occurrence of clear and persistent developmental differences in the space of Poland. They are largely determined by the polycentricity of the settlement network, the distribution of economically strong raw materials and industrial areas, as well as they show a large relationship with historical determinants permanently rooted in Polish space. This study is carried out as part of the FORSED research project (www.forsed.amu.edu.pl) funded by the National Science Centre (No. 2015/19/B/HS5/00012): New challenges of regional policy in shaping socio-economic development factors of less developed regions.
13th World Congress of the RSAI. Smart Regions – Opportunities for Su`stainable Development in the Digital Era. Moroccan Section of the Regional Science Association International.
CONTEMPORARY SOCIO-ECONOMIC DIFFERENCES IN POLAND: (2) POLITICAL SCENE AND ELECTORAL BEHAVIOR
2021 •
Paweł Churski
The results of political elections in Europe and the world in the second decade of the 21st century show a clear trend of strengthening populist movements. One of the fundamental root causes is the persistent and even growing differentiation of the socio-economic development level, which results in permanent peripheralisation and marginalisation of some areas. This results in polarization and radicalization of electoral behaviour as a consequence to the unsatisfactory effectiveness of earlier implemented development activities and the economic exclusion of a part of the society living below the social minimum. The results of our study indicate the persistence of development disparities in Poland, despite the relatively positive trends in economic growth at the national level. We draw attention mainly to the strong significance of historical conditions (relict borders). Against this background, we identify the scope and direction of geographical changes in Poles' electoral behaviour. We aim to determine the relationship between the level of socio-economic development and the support of political parties in spatial terms. The final conclusions emphasize the persistence of "territorial underpinnings" and socio-economic conditions of electoral populism in Poland, which to a large extent results from historical factors. Not only has the distribution of populism not been changed as a result of transformation and integration changes in Poland, but it has in fact been reinforced. The research procedure consists of three stages presented on separated presentations: (1) spatial polarization of development, (2) political scene and electoral behaviour, (3) relations between development level and political preferences. This presentation is about stage 2, the purpose of which was to characterize the Polish political scene and the electoral behaviour of Poles. The temporal scope of the analysis covers mainly the years 2005 and 2015. The analysis is conducted at the level of LAU-2 units (gmina), enabling detailed identification of intra-regional disparities. During analysis there were used desk research and indicators of electoral support level noticed in the parliamentary elections in 2005, 2007, 2011, and 2015. The formation of the Polish political scene during the transformation period was dynamic and characterized by the emergence of new antagonisms. In a generalized perspective the Polish political scene can be divided along two axes: conservatism vs. liberalism and individualism vs. communitarianism. Political parties can be further aggregated into two main political camps: "Solidary Poland" – more conservative and ‘Liberal Poland’ – more progressive. The results of the parliamentary elections justify the statement that the Polish political scene is subject to polarization, which in fact brings the party system closer to the bipolar system. The highest concentration of support for the "Solidary Poland" camp was observed in the south-eastern part of the country. On the other hand, the relatively highest support for the "Liberal Poland" camp was in north-western Poland. This study is carried out as part of the FORSED research project (www.forsed.amu.edu.pl) funded by the National Science Centre (No. 2015/19/B/HS5/00012): New challenges of regional policy in shaping socio-economic development factors of less developed regions.
Applied Spatial Analysis and Policy
Are Increasing Urbanisation and Inequalities Symptoms of Growth?
2015 •
David Castells-Quintana
A Smart City Anomaly: The Near Becomes Far, The Far Becomes Near
2021 •
Ronit Purian
Social change that results from new information and communication technologies is manifesting in the form of cities. A major body of literature has been dedicated to characterizing the structure of the networks formed by roads, buildings, landmarks, and other elements in urban environments. While most research in the field is dedicated to centrality, connectivity and integration, previous studies were focused on physical separation as the feature that best expresses socioeconomic segregation. This study adds a global layer to the local barriers, developing a ‘theory of smart city form’: urban networks that connect the far and separate the near, eliminate physical distance yet leave physical traces. Significant shifts are occurring in both global and the local processes associated with morphological separation within cities and information flow between cities. Smart cities, global citizens, and urban networks materialize a global regime of competition and innovation that tends to ove...
The essence of Greek spirit: ouzo alchemy and the joy of life in an island economy
Dimitris Kavroudakis
Sustainability
Implementations of China’s New-Type Urbanisation: A Comparative Analysis between Targets and Practices of Key Elements’ Policies
Tim Heath
China’s new-type urbanisation, as a national strategy, is one of the reasons why the leap in development has been made in the last decade. Existing studies mainly focus on the status and outcomes of china’s new-type urbanisation while stressing not enough the overlooked aspects of new-type urbanisation policies that are currently in use. This paper aims at exploring the highlighted and overlooked aspects of policies of three key elements in China’s new-type urbanisation: population, land, and industry and their implementations. The complicated process and contradictions between formulation and implementation of the policies are extracted by analysing set goals and implemented situations of relative indicators from the three elements. The policies drove the population from separation to unity between household registered and actual residences, land from human land allometry to balance, and industry from traditional industrialisation to emerging service. Although these policies had si...
Sustainable Urbanism in China
2021 •
Ali Cheshmehzangi
Review of Regional Studies
The National Drug Crisis - What Have We Learned from the Regional Science Disciplines?
Elham Erfanian
Brian Cushing’s Presidential Address for the Southern Regional Science Association Cushing (2017) detailed the U.S. drug crisis, including the high cost in terms of lost lives and financial costs. After determining almost no participation in drug crisis research by the regional science community, he charged regional scientists to learn about the crisis and become part of the discussion. In the few years since that address, the drug crisis has continued to accelerate. This time, however, regional science scholars have stepped up to conduct research and become part of the policy discussions. We update Cushing’s (2017) discussion with new details regarding the worsening crisis. We then document and discuss the “regional science” contributions to the ongoing drug crisis literature. We finish with thoughts regarding what regional scientists doing research on the drug crisis should consider going forward.
REGIONAL SCIENCE POLICY AND PRACTICE
New technologies, potential unemployment and 'nescience economy' during and after the 2020 economic crisis
2020 •
Stepan Zemtsov
The coronavirus pandemic and the economic crisis in 2020 are accelerating digital transformation. During and after the crisis, there are opportunities and needs for remote work facilities , online services, delivery drones, etc. We discuss how unmanned technologies can cause a long-term employment decrease, and why compensation mechanisms may not work. Using the internationally comparable Frey-Osborne methodology , we estimated that less than a third of employees in Russia work in professions with a high automation probability. Some of these professions can suffer the most during quarantine measures; employment in traditional services can be significantly reduced. By 2030, about half of the jobs in the world and a little less in Russia will need to adapt during the fourth industrial revolution because they are engaged in routine, potentially automated activities. In the regions, specializing in manufacturing, this value is higher; the lowest risk is in the largest agglomerations with a high share of digital economy, greater and diverse labour markets. Accelerating technological change can lead to a long-term mismatch between the exponential increase in automation rate and compensating effects of retraining, new jobs creation and other labour market adaptation mechanisms. Some people will not be ready for a lifelong learning and competition with robots, and accordingly there is a possibility of their technological exclusion. The term "nescience
Paper proceedings of the research conference on constructions, economy of constructions, architecture, urbanism and territorial development
Compatibilities between urban agglomeration and degrowth economy Content File PDF
2020 •
alina haller
Economic growth is the process that has changed the style and quality of life, has moved human activities from rural to urban and has favored the dynamics of urban agglomeration. In recent years, the consequences of these trends of progress and urbanization have begun to be negatively felt, by warming the planet, extreme phenomena, affecting the health of people, in large part, by a general negative effect of the ecosystem. The world is going through a period when precisely the growth factors are transposing into harmful factors that need impetuous safeguard measures. We reiterate the ideas of Georgescu-Roegen's entropy theory and bring to our attention the need for a new form of economic growth, that of the degrowth. Without having a negative connotation, degrowth supports increasing well-being by improving the ecosystem quality. In this context, the urban agglomerations appear in total contradiction with the principles of the degrowth economy and society. The analysis shows that the tendency of urban agglomeration can only be calibrated to the degrowth economy only when the level of people's consciousness rises to a higher level and through volunteers action doubled by effective economic policy measures. Key words. degrowth economy, degrowth society, economic growth, urban agglomeration, ecosystem.
